‘Heritage’ refers to the traditions, achievements, beliefs, etc.,
that are part of the history of a group or nation valuable objects and qualities such as historical buildings and
cultural traditions that have
been passed down from the previous generation to
the present generation. The heritage reflects the art, culture, and tradition of
the country. Heritage is included in the list of the World Heritage Sites.
Nepal is a country having a various
culture and natural heritage. Temples, monasteries, rest houses, inns, etc are
religious heritage. Language, arts, dress, the way of living, etc are cultural
heritage. Himalayan, mountains, rivers, waterfalls, lakes, forests, national
parks, wildlife reserves, etc are
natural heritage. All these religious, cultural, and natural heritage are
national properties. Besides, the public roads, bridges, chautara, etc are also
national properties. All the public properties which are under the ownership of
the state/nation are the national heritage. UNESCO has included Sagarmatha
National Park in 1979 AD. & Chitwan
National Park in the list of World Heritage in 1984
Nepal is a country having a various
culture and natural heritage. Temples, monasteries, rest houses, inns, etc are
religious heritage. Language, arts, dress, the way of living, etc are cultural
heritage. Himalayan, mountains, rivers, waterfalls, lakes, forests, national
parks, wildlife reserves, etc are
natural heritage. All these religious, cultural, and natural heritage are
national properties. Besides, the public roads, bridges, chautara, etc are also
national properties. All the public properties which are under the ownership of
the state/nation are the national heritage. UNESCO has included Sagarmatha
National Park in 1979 AD. & Chitwan
National Park in the list of World Heritage in 1984The following are national heritage listed as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.
1. Lumbini
Lumbini is the birthplace of Gautam Buddha, it is a peerless
landmark of the Buddhist world. Lumbini is recognized as the pilgrimage of all the
people of the world who follow Buddhism. UNESCO enlisted
.jpg "Pashupatinath")
2. Pashupatinath
.jpg "Pashupatinath")
Pashupatinath is a holy place for the Hindus. The Pashupati
area includes the temple of Pashupati, Deupatan, Jaya Begeshori, Gaurighat,
Kutumbahal, Gaushala, Pingan Nath, and Sleshmantak forest. There are about 492
temples, chaityas, satals, etc. Temples are constructed in various styles.
There are about one thousand Shivalingas in the Pashupati area. From
Pashupatinath you can see gold-painted images of guardian deities,chaturmukh
means four-faced statue,Arya ghat, Gauri ghat, Brahma
Temple, Chandeshwor, which
is inscribed Lichhavi linga from the seventh century,pandra Shivalaya means
fifteen shrines, Gorakhnath and Vishworup Temple, Guhyeshwori Temple,
Kirateshwor Mahadev Mandir & Surya ghat. The Pashupatinath temple has two
lever roofs of the temple are embellished with gold and the four main doors are
adorned with silver. The temple is famous for its awe-inspiring and astounding
pagoda architecture. The western door has a large statue of Bull is known as
Nandi is ornamented in gold. The black stone idols near about six fit in
height and circumstance. The present architectural nature of Pashupatinath temple
came into existence as a result of renovation by Queen Ganga Devi during the
reign of Shivasimha Malla ( 1578 – 1620 A.D ).
Patan Durbar Square was the place of Malla kings during
medieval Nepal. Patan Durbar Square is located in the Lalitpur district. Krishna
temple with 21 golden pinnacles (gajur) is the masterpiece of Malla art and
architecture. Besides this, these are Bhimsen temple, Bishwanath temple, Jagat
Narayan temple, Mahabauddha, Kumbheshor Mahadev, the temple of Rato Machhindranath,
etc.
Changunarayan Temple is located in Bhaktapur district and 22 kilometers east of Kathmandu. Changunarayan Temple is constructed during the rule of Lichchhavi king Mandev. There is a Lord Vishnu’s idol with ten heads and ten arms. This is a fine example of stone carving from the 5th century. Changunarayan Temple is made in Pagoda style. There is also inscriptions carved in stone, wood, and metal craft made in the 5th century.
3. Sagarmatha National Park
Sagarmatha is an exceptional area with dramatic mountains, glaciers, and
deep valleys, dominated by Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world
(8,848 m). Several rare species, such as
the snow leopard and the lesser panda, are found in the park. Sagarmatha National Park was established on 19th July 1976 AD. Sagarmatha National Park is located in the Solukhumbu district of the Sagarmatha zone. Sagarmatha National Park was enlisted in the World Heritage Site in 1976 AD. Sagarmatha National Park is extended in the 1148 square kilometer area. The highest peak of the world Sagarmatha is located here. Besides, Lhotse, Cho Oyu, Nuptse, Pumori, Amadablam, etc are other major peaks located in Sagarmatha National Park. The major vegetation found in this park is Rhododendron, Dhupia, bhojpatra, etc. The birds and animals like wild yak, musk deer, red panda, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, Lophophorus (Danfe), polar cheetah, etc are found here.
the snow leopard and the lesser panda, are found in the park. Sagarmatha National Park was established on 19th July 1976 AD. Sagarmatha National Park is located in the Solukhumbu district of the Sagarmatha zone. Sagarmatha National Park was enlisted in the World Heritage Site in 1976 AD. Sagarmatha National Park is extended in the 1148 square kilometer area. The highest peak of the world Sagarmatha is located here. Besides, Lhotse, Cho Oyu, Nuptse, Pumori, Amadablam, etc are other major peaks located in Sagarmatha National Park. The major vegetation found in this park is Rhododendron, Dhupia, bhojpatra, etc. The birds and animals like wild yak, musk deer, red panda, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, Lophophorus (Danfe), polar cheetah, etc are found here.
4. Chitwan National Park
Chitwan National Park is one of the most important tourist
destinations in Nepal. Chitwan
National Park is located in Chitwan district and 120 kilometers south-west of Kathmandu. Chitwan National Park is especially famous for the one-horned rhino, which is rarely found in the world. The Royal Bengal Tiger is another important wildlife found in Chitwan National Park. Besides this, elephants, crocodiles, tigers, peacocks, etc are other important wildlife and varieties of birds found in Chitwan National Park.
National Park is located in Chitwan district and 120 kilometers south-west of Kathmandu. Chitwan National Park is especially famous for the one-horned rhino, which is rarely found in the world. The Royal Bengal Tiger is another important wildlife found in Chitwan National Park. Besides this, elephants, crocodiles, tigers, peacocks, etc are other important wildlife and varieties of birds found in Chitwan National Park.
5. Hanuman-Dhoka Durbar Square
Hanumandhoka Durbar Square is located in the heart of Kathmandu city. The Malla kings
ruled over Kathmandu from Hanumandhoka Durbar Square Palace. After the conquest of the Kathmandu valley, King Prithvi Narayan Shah started to rule from here and it became the capital of unified Nepal. Hanumandhoka Durbar Square is said that Pratap Malla erected the statue of Hanuman in this palace and it was named Hanumandhoka. Besides Hanumandhoka, Basantapur Palace, Taleju temple, Museum, House of Kumari, Kasthamandap, a Kettledrum, etc are the ancient heritages located here.
ruled over Kathmandu from Hanumandhoka Durbar Square Palace. After the conquest of the Kathmandu valley, King Prithvi Narayan Shah started to rule from here and it became the capital of unified Nepal. Hanumandhoka Durbar Square is said that Pratap Malla erected the statue of Hanuman in this palace and it was named Hanumandhoka. Besides Hanumandhoka, Basantapur Palace, Taleju temple, Museum, House of Kumari, Kasthamandap, a Kettledrum, etc are the ancient heritages located here.
6. Patan Durbar Square
7. Bhaktapur Durbar Square
Bhaktapur Durbar Square was the place from where the Malla
kings of Bhaktapur ruled over their kingdom. The heritage like Fifty-five
Window-palace, a statue of Bhupatindra Malla, the National Art Gallery, the Golden Gate,
Nyatapola, etc is located here. Bhaktapur Durbar Square is enlisted in World
Heritage in 1979 AD.
8. Changunarayan Temple
Changunarayan Temple is the oldest temple in Kathmandu
Valley came into existence in the 4th century. Changunarayan Temple is adorned
by some of the best specimens of stone, wood, and metal craft in the valley. The
temple stands as the epitome of the culture, religion, history, and faith of
Kathmandu Valley.
Changunarayan Temple is located in Bhaktapur district and 22 kilometers east of Kathmandu. Changunarayan Temple is constructed during the rule of Lichchhavi king Mandev. There is a Lord Vishnu’s idol with ten heads and ten arms. This is a fine example of stone carving from the 5th century. Changunarayan Temple is made in Pagoda style. There is also inscriptions carved in stone, wood, and metal craft made in the 5th century.
9. Bauddhanath Stupa
Bauddhanath Stupa, the biggest stupa in Nepal, lies about 7
km east of the capital. Bauddhanath Stupa is one of the oldest stupas in the
country. It is believed that this stupa was constructed around the 5th century.
There are 45 Buddhist monasteries in this area. UNESCO enlisted it in the
World Heritage Site in 1979 AD.
10. Swayambhunath
The Buddhist temple of Swayambhunath is situated on the top of a hill in Kathmandu and is one of the most popular holy places and an instantly recognizable symbol of Nepal. The temple is
colloquially known as “monkey temple” because of the large tribe of roaming monkeys found there. It is believed that this temple was constructed before the 5th century. Swayambhunath temple is regarded as the symbol of religious tolerance as it is the temple of the Hindu goddess Saraswati. There are other stupas and idols also. Recently, the biggest statue of Buddha has been constructed near Swayambhunath temple.
colloquially known as “monkey temple” because of the large tribe of roaming monkeys found there. It is believed that this temple was constructed before the 5th century. Swayambhunath temple is regarded as the symbol of religious tolerance as it is the temple of the Hindu goddess Saraswati. There are other stupas and idols also. Recently, the biggest statue of Buddha has been constructed near Swayambhunath temple.
Besides these heritages enlisted in World Heritage Site,
there are many other natural and cultural heritages in Nepal such as Bardiya
National Park, Shivapuri National Park, Halesi of Khotang, Swargadwari of
Pyuthan, Gosaikunda of Rasuwa, Kalika temple of Baglung, Chintan Devi of
Dhankuta, Pathibhara of Taplejung, Muktinath of Mustang, Ram Janaki temple of
Janakpur, Jaya Bageshori of Nepalgunj, Chandranath of Jumla, etc.
Visit Nepal, Thank you.
